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A nerve biopsy is a surgical procedures to collect and test a sample of abnormal tissues. The biopsy sample is examined in the lab under a microscope. Biopsy results can help the care team determine a...

A peripheral nerve tumor is a growth in or near nerves that transmit signals from your brain to the rest of your body. These nerves control your muscles so you can walk, blink, swallow, pick things up...

Sciatica refers to pain that radiates along the path of the sciatic nerve, which branches from your lower back through your hips and buttocks and down each leg. Typically, sciatica affects only one si...

Scoliosis is a sideways curvature of the spine that occurs most often during the growth spurt just before puberty. While scoliosis can be caused by conditions, such as cerebral palsy and muscular dys...

Spinal stenosis is a narrowing of the spaces within your spine, which can put pressure on the nerves that travel through the spine. It occurs most often in the lower back and neck, and is commonly cau...

Chiari malformation is a condition in which brain tissue extends into your spinal canal. It occurs when part of your skull is abnormally small or misshapen, pressing on your brain and forcing it down...

Cervical spondylosis is a general term for age-related wear and tear affecting the spinal disks in your neck. As the disks dehydrate and shrink, signs of osteoarthritis develop, including bony project...

A herniated disk refers to a problem with one of the rubbery cushions (disks) between the individual bones (vertebrae) that stack up to make your spine. A spinal disk is a little like a jelly donut w...

A spinal tumor is a growth that develops within your spinal canal or bones of your spine. It may be cancerous or noncancerous. Tumors that affect the bones of the spine (vertebrae) are known as verte...

A spinal fracture is a break and/or dislocation of a vertebra in your spine. Some fractures are the result of a traumatic injury, such as a traffic accident, gunshot round or fall, and require emergen...